Nam June Paik “M200/Video Wall, (1991)”
James Cohan Gallery
[Image: Nam June Paik "Beuys Voice" (1990) Two channel color video on laser discs, antique television cabinets, felt, mixed media sculpture 104 3/8 X 74 X 37 3/8 in.]
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James Cohan Gallery presents the multi-monitor, sculptural installation M200/Video Wall, (1991) by the visionary and peripatetic artist Nam June Paik, along with selected works from the early 1990s. The Korean-born artist died at age 73 in January 2006.
Nam June Paik is commonly hailed as the “father” of new media art for his discoveries in music, video, performance, television broadcast and technological experimentation. He balanced a Utopian philosophy with a technical pragmatism and a subversive sense of humor, creating works that drew on chance encounters between ideas, the object and the public.
John Handhart, Paik scholar and curator of the Guggenheim Museum’s seminal exhibition The World of Nam June Paik in 2000 said, “Paik’s prolific and complex career can be read as a process grounded in his early interests in composition and performance.” Paik trained as a classical pianist and studied composition at University of Tokyo. His undergraduate thesis on Karlheinz Stockhausen ignited his interest the avant-garde and prompted his move to Germany in 1956, where he met Stockhausen and John Cage, and quickly became immersed in the electronic music scene. Cage encouraged Paik to come to New York, where the artist became a key participant in the Fluxus movement.
During a visit to his family in Japan in 1962, Paik built his first robot from his cousin’s remote control toys (and his mother’s bra.) The name of the robot K456 refers to the Köchel catalog number of Mozart’s well-known piano concerto, thereby tracing a thread from classicism to the avant-garde.
In 1991, Paik again paid tribute to Mozart in his large-scale video wall sculpture M200, which was made on the 200th anniversary of Mozart’s death. Paik arranged 94 television monitors into a wall-sized sculpture, which plays simultaneous video of Mozart, John Cage and Joseph Beuys, in a 90-minute loop. The monitors are arranged in an almost fractal pattern, with 16 monitors forming a unit and singular images combining to form overall pictures. At certain moments, the video sequences come together into one expanded image. The soundtrack was arranged by Paik and includes the music of Mozart, pop tunes and instrumental compositions. Image and music move together in synchronized rhythm. The constantly switching video and sound are experienced as “moving wall paintings” and give realization to Nam June Paik’s 1965 prediction that, “The cathode-ray tube will someday replace the canvas.”
Paik is renowned for his ability to foresee how technological changes in the late 20th Century were going to affect our daily lives in the 21st. In 1976 he coined the phrase “Electronic Superhighway” in a report he wrote for the Rockefeller Foundation about media planning for Postindustrial society. The report called for a global response to economic, social and political problems. Paik saw the mass medium of TV as a hub of information and ideas, and believed that its moving images enriched the quality of life. His idea of the Electronic Superhighway envisioned the Internet; 40 years later, it is easy to acknowledge its transformational power to turn the wide world into a “global village.”
Evident throughout Paik’s work, and particularly in M200, are the influence and importance of fellow artists, composers, musicians and philosophers such as Mozart, Cage, Beuys, Charlotte Moorman and Marshall McLuhan, with whom he felt a sense of community and creative kinship.
The 1990s saw the development of his robot portraits, created with old TV consoles, video footage and particular attributes to identify the subject. Beuys Voice, 1990, on view in Gallery 3, is a classic example of such a tribute, with the TV monitor head topped with Beuys’ iconic grey felt hat, scaled up to size. The sculpture commemorates their friendship, which started in 1961 and was based on their shared interest in shamanism and the avant-garde. Elements throughout the sculpture refer back to Beuys’ personal mythology based on the rescue of his downed plane and the elements of his survival; felt, rabbits that provided food and the sled brought by his rescuers. Also on view will be the ceiling mounted, multi-monitor Video Chandelier, 19.., which speaks to Paik’s vision of a future lifestyle in the information age. The work comes from Paik’s often baroque sensibility that relates to his belief that “more is better”.
Over the past 50 years the work of Nam Jun Paik was exhibited in major museums worldwide, including the Museum of Modern Art, New York (Projects: Nam June Paik, 1977), Whitney Museum of American Art (Nam June Paik, 1982), Centre Georges Pompidou (Nam June Paik, 1982), San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (Nam June Paik, 1989), National Museum of Contemporary Art, Seoul (Nam June Paik Retrospective: Videotime, 1992), Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (The Worlds of Nam June Paik, 2000). He represented Germany at Venice Biennale in 1993.
Paik’s works are in the collection of a number of institutions, such as the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (Washington D.C.), Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, the Smithsonian American Art Museum (Washington D.C.), the Walker Art Center (Minneapolis, Minnesota), the Museum of Modern Art (New York), amongst others.
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Schedule
from February 12, 2015 to March 14, 2015